The sensor (English Name: transducer/sensor) is a detection device, can feel the measured information, and can feel the information, according to the law must transform into electrical signals or other information in the form of output required to meet the information transmission, processing, storage, display, record and control requirements.

The characteristics of sensors include miniaturization, digitalization, intelligentization, multifunction, systematization and networking. It is the first step to realize automatic detection and automatic control. The presence and development of sensors allow objects to have sense of touch, taste, smell, and so on, so that objects slowly become alive. Usually according to the basic cognitive function is divided into a heat sensitive element, a photosensitive element, gas sensor, force sensor, magnetic sensor, humidity sensor, acoustic sensor, radiation sensitive element, color sensitive components and sensors and ten kinds of flavor.

In order to obtain information from the outside world, people must rely on the sense organ.

But people's own sense organs, in the study of natural phenomena and laws, as well as production activities, their function is far from enough. In order to adapt to this situation, sensors are needed. Therefore, it can be said that the sensor is the extension of human facial features, also known as electrical features.

The arrival of the new technological revolution, the world began to enter the information age. In the process of using information, the first solution is to obtain accurate and reliable information, and sensor is the main way and means to obtain information in the field of nature and production.

In modern industrial production, especially in the automatic production process, various sensors are used to monitor and control the various parameters in the production process, the equipment work in normal state or state, and to reach the best quality products. Therefore, it can be said that without many excellent sensors, modern production will lose its foundation.

Sensors have a prominent position in the research of basic subjects. The development of modern science and technology into many new fields such as: at the macro level to observe thousands of light-years away in the vast universe, the microscopic to observe small FM particles in the world, to observe the vertical up to hundreds of thousands of years of evolution of celestial bodies, short transient response s. In addition, the research also appeared in various extreme technology plays an important role in deepening the understanding of the material, new energy, new materials, such as ultra high temperature and ultra low temperature, high pressure and ultra high vacuum, strong magnetic field, ultra weak magnetic field and so on. Obviously, it is impossible to obtain a lot of information that human senses can not directly obtain, and it is impossible to do without a compatible sensor. Many basic scientific research obstacles, first of all, is the difficulty of obtaining object information, and the emergence of some new mechanisms and highly sensitive detection sensors often lead to breakthroughs in this field. The development of some sensors is often a pioneer in the development of some marginal disciplines.

Sensors have long been penetrated into areas such as industrial production, space development, ocean exploration, environmental protection, resource investigation, medical diagnosis, biological engineering, and even cultural relics protection. It is no exaggeration to say, from the vast space, to the vast ocean, and even a variety of complex engineering systems, almost every modern project, can not do without all kinds of sensors.

Thus, sensor technology plays an important role in developing economy and promoting social progress, which is very obvious. Countries all over the world attach great importance to the development of this field. It is believed that in the near future, sensor technology will have a leap to reach a new level commensurate with its important position.